High-Dosage Tutoring: 5 Elements to Get it Right
Frank D. Grossman / January 2022
High-dosage tutoring is gaining prevalence across the educational landscape. There is a significant research base documenting the effectiveness of tutoring programs to accelerate student learning. Work by researchers at Brown University's Annenberg Institute for School Reform and at the Johns Hopkins Center for Research and Reform in Education provides an excellent overview of the strategy and “evidence-based resources for learning the who, what, how and why of effective tutoring in schools” (DiPerna, 2021). While selecting a research-based program is necessary, it is not sufficient to accelerate student learning. In my work with educators, I have learned that effective tutoring programs must also:
Be intentional about what material students will miss to attend tutoring. There is ample research showing the importance of having tutoring occur during school hours. But be mindful about what material students will miss to attend tutoring sessions. One strategy is to build enrichment time into the school schedule so that all students have time to address their differentiated learning needs. This ensures that kids are not pulled from important learning opportunities. A common mistake in K-3 literacy is removing students from science or social studies classes to attend tutoring. While the intervention may be necessary, science and social studies are important subjects for students to develop content knowledge, which is critical for reading achievement.
Utilize standard assessments (forms of evidence). Use data that are already being collected and analyzed to identify students for tutoring, to establish the criteria to exit the program, and to target the learning that needs to be supported. Use data to set clear goals and communicate these with kids and caregivers regularly. Remember, successful tutoring is targeted on specific learning needs. Build in a process to regularly review individual student data to make needed adjustments. Consider whether problems are a result of student challenges or poor implementation of the program. This consideration will lend to regularly reviewing overall program data to evaluate and make modifications.
Build processes for tutors to talk with teachers. The best acceleration of student learning occurs when tutors and classroom teachers discuss their shared students’ assets and instructional needs. These conversations are important to support students’ specific learning, social and emotional needs and ensure the right interventions are being used for the right challenges. Use standard protocols to track conversations, progress, and actionable next steps. Be intentional in not confusing students with unfamiliar methods or nomenclature. To maximize success, tutoring must make explicit connections to what is occurring in the classroom. Create alignment materials so tutors and classroom teachers can reinforce learning.
Build student motivation. Create a structured process for tutors and kids to build authentic relationships. Select a tutoring program and supporting materials that students find interesting and relatable. Clearly communicate tutoring objectives with students. Provide students with short-term goals and regular updates. Work with all stakeholders to develop a communication plan that does not stigmatize kids. Finally, build joy and celebration into the program.
Involve families and other caregivers. Families need to be included in and support all educational decisions made about their kids, and tutoring is no exception. Involve caregivers in the decision to begin and exit tutoring. Work collaboratively to figure out how to best support student learning at home. Share progress regularly. If families are deeply engaged as partners, they will be able to support and accelerate students’ progress.
Educators do not need to start from scratch as they work to improve educational outcomes for all students. High-dosage tutoring works, and there are plentiful resources for educators to use in selecting the most appropriate programs. It is time to give our students what they truly need to succeed!
At Integrated Impact Group, we have the experience and know-how to work with educators and get it right. We are committed to assisting in the successful design and implementation of high-dosage tutoring programs. Contact us for an assessment of your program and recommendations on how to maximize students’ learning.